its Members, in pursuit of the Purposes stated in
Article 1, shall act in accordance with the following Principles.
. . .
3. All Members shall settle their international disputes by peaceful
means in such a manner that international peace and security, and
justice, are not endangered.
4. All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the
threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political
independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the
Purposes of the United Nations.
Iraq, the United States, and the United Kingdom are all Founding Members
of the United Nations Organization. Not that it mattered to the United
States and the United Kingdom. Reversing the Stimson Doctrine When
imperial Japan invaded China in 1931 in order to loot and plunder
Manchuria, the United States government adopted what came to be known as
the Stimson Doctrine, after then U.S. Secretary of State Henry Stimson:
Namely, that the United States government would not recognize any legal
consequences flowing from a violation of the Kellogg-Briand Peace Pact,
otherwise known as the Pact of Paris.55 Despite the fact that the United
States was not a Member of the League of Nations, nevertheless the
League of Nations endorsed the Stimson Doctrine with respect to
