:Hello,
::I wonder if you could help me with these questions.
They seem to indicate you are not working in this field, so
the possible answers are very general.
:What is the reason for a specific mRNA molecule(coming from a specific
:gene or genes) to come to expression in a specific cel and not in a
:different? How does this work on a molecule level?
The gene might have a specific region that needs to be recognized
(bind; form complex with) by a specific protein in order to allow RNA
synthesis. If such protein exists in a specific cell only, then you get
specific pattern of expression.
:How does the translation of mRNA into a protein precisely work on a
:structural molecular level?
mRNA enters in complex with proteinous molecular machine called ribosome
and catalyzes protein synthesis according to exact composition
(nucleotide sequence) of the RNA.
:How does the gene proces of transcription and after that translation
:work on a structural molecular level?
Compex array of proteins interacting with DNA (gene) ultimately allows
enzyme called RNA polymerase catalyze RNA syntesis complementary
to the gene sequence, RNA gets transported out of the nucleus into
cytoplasm where it meets ribosome + other types of RNA bearing
aminoacids and together they make a protein.
:How does the entire translation of mRNA molecule to the eventually 3D
:molecular protein structure work?
3D protein structure is determined by 2D protein sequence due to the
physical/repulsion of aminoacid residues composing the protein in
specific order. Other proteins frequently aid in this process of protein
"folding". The physics of the process is so compex that as of now
unambigous prediction of 3D based on known 2D is generally
impossible.
You might want to grab some popular book(s) on biochemistry/molecular
biology. I am not aware of any partucularly good example, but I guess
James Watson has written something on this as well. :-)
- Dima
